Certainly! Here's an extended set of 50 Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs) related to biology, along with their answers:
**1. What is the powerhouse of the cell?**
a. Nucleus
b. Ribosome
c. Mitochondria (Answer)
d. Endoplasmic reticulum
**2. Which gas do plants absorb during photosynthesis?**
a. Oxygen
b. Carbon dioxide (Answer)
c. Nitrogen
d. Hydrogen
**3. What is the function of red blood cells?**
a. Carry oxygen (Answer)
b. Fight infections
c. Clotting
d. Transport nutrients
**4. What is the largest organ in the human body?**
a. Liver
b. Heart
c. Skin (Answer)
d. Lungs
**5. In which part of the digestive system does most nutrient absorption occur?**
a. Stomach
b. Small intestine (Answer)
c. Large intestine
d. Esophagus
**6. What is the function of the pancreas?**
a. Digestion of fats
b. Regulation of blood sugar (Answer)
c. Production of bile
d. Filtration of blood
**7. Which scientist is known for the theory of evolution by natural selection?**
a. Charles Darwin (Answer)
b. Gregor Mendel
c. Louis Pasteur
d. Rosalind Franklin
**8. What is the basic unit of heredity in living organisms?**
a. Protein
b. Gene (Answer)
c. Enzyme
d. Chromosome
**9. Which gas is responsible for the greenhouse effect on Earth?**
a. Oxygen
b. Nitrogen
c. Carbon dioxide (Answer)
d. Methane
**10. What is the function of the hypothalamus in the brain?**
a. Temperature regulation
b. Memory storage
c. Vision
d. Hearing
**11. What is the role of white blood cells in the immune system?**
a. Carry oxygen
b. Fight infections (Answer)
c. Clotting
d. Transport nutrients
**12. Which organelle is responsible for cellular respiration?**
a. Nucleus
b. Ribosome
c. Mitochondria (Answer)
d. Endoplasmic reticulum
**13. What is the purpose of the circulatory system in the body?**
a. Digestion
b. Transportation of nutrients and oxygen (Answer)
c. Immune response
d. Respiration
**14. What is the primary function of the kidneys?**
a. Digestion
b. Filtration of blood and urine formation (Answer)
c. Oxygen transport
d. Hormone production
**15. What is the smallest bone in the human body?**
a. Femur
b. Stapes (in the ear) (Answer)
c. Tibia
d. Radius
**16. Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down proteins in the stomach?**
a. Amylase
b. Lipase
c. Pepsin (Answer)
d. Trypsin
**17. What is the function of the cerebellum in the brain?**
a. Balance and coordination (Answer)
b. Memory storage
c. Vision
d. Hearing
**18. What is the process by which plants make their own food using sunlight?**
a. Respiration
b. Photosynthesis (Answer)
c. Fermentation
d. Transpiration
**19. In which part of the respiratory system does gas exchange occur?**
a. Trachea
b. Bronchi
c. Alveoli (Answer)
d. Larynx
**20. What is the primary function of the gallbladder?**
a. Digestion of fats
b. Regulation of blood sugar
c. Production of bile (Answer)
d. Filtration of blood
**21. What is the chemical substance responsible for carrying genetic information in cells?**
a. Protein
b. Gene (Answer)
c. Enzyme
d. Nucleic acid
**22. What is the process by which RNA is synthesized from DNA?**
a. Replication
b. Transcription (Answer)
c. Translation
d. Mutagenesis
**23. Which gas is essential for the process of respiration in humans?**
a. Oxygen (Answer)
b. Carbon dioxide
c. Nitrogen
d. Hydrogen
**24. What is the role of insulin in the human body?**
a. Breakdown of fats
b. Regulation of blood sugar (Answer)
c. Digestion of carbohydrates
d. Protein synthesis
**25. Which disease is caused by the deficiency of Vitamin C?**
a. Scurvy (Answer)
b. Rickets
c. Beriberi
d. Pellagra
**26. What is the purpose of the endocrine system in the body?**
a. Transportation of nutrients and oxygen
b. Regulation of hormones (Answer)
c. Immune response
d. Respiration
**27. Which gas is released during the process of cellular respiration?**
a. Oxygen
b. Carbon dioxide (Answer)
c. Nitrogen
d. Hydrogen
**28. What is the function of the Eustachian tube in the ear?**
a. Balancing body fluids
b. Hearing (Answer)
c. Vision
d. Smell
**29. What is the role of antibodies in the immune system?**
a. Fight infections (Answer)
b. Clotting
c. Digestion of pathogens
d. Transport of nutrients
**30. What is the process by which an organism produces offspring similar to itself?**
a. Respiration
b. Photosynthesis
c. Reproduction (Answer)
d. Digestion
**31. Which scientist is known for discovering the structure of DNA?**
a. James Clerk Maxwell
b. Rosalind Franklin
c. James Watson and Francis Crick (Answer)
d. Linus Pauling
**32. In which cellular organelle does protein synthesis occur?**
a. N
ucleus
b. Ribosome (Answer)
c. Mitochondria
d. Endoplasmic reticulum
**33. What is the function of the thymus gland in the immune system?**
a. Production of red blood cells
b. Maturation of T lymphocytes (Answer)
c. Regulation of body temperature
d. Digestion of fats
**34. Which type of muscle is under voluntary control?**
a. Smooth muscle
b. Cardiac muscle
c. Skeletal muscle (Answer)
d. Involuntary muscle
**35. What is the primary function of the respiratory system?**
a. Pump blood throughout the body
b. Exchange gases (Answer)
c. Digestion of food
d. Filter waste products
**36. Which structure in the eye is responsible for color vision?**
a. Cornea
b. Retina
c. Lens
d. Cones (Answer)
**37. What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?**
a. Transportation of oxygen
b. Filtration of blood
c. Defense against infections (Answer)
d. Digestion of fats
**38. What is the function of the Golgi apparatus in the cell?**
a. Synthesis of ATP
b. Packaging and modifying proteins (Answer)
c. Production of ribosomes
d. Lipid synthesis
**39. Which molecule carries the genetic code from the nucleus to the ribosome during protein synthesis?**
a. DNA
b. RNA (Answer)
c. mRNA
d. tRNA
**40. What is the role of the autonomic nervous system?**
a. Voluntary movements
b. Reflex actions
c. Involuntary control of internal organs (Answer)
d. Cognitive functions
**41. What is the function of the alveoli in the lungs?**
a. Production of mucus
b. Oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange (Answer)
c. Filtration of blood
d. Digestion of food
**42. Which component of blood is responsible for clotting?**
a. Red blood cells
b. White blood cells
c. Platelets (Answer)
d. Plasma
**43. What is the role of the hypothalamus in the endocrine system?**
a. Secretion of hormones
b. Regulation of body temperature
c. Control of pituitary gland (Answer)
d. Digestion of carbohydrates
**44. What is the primary function of the cornea in the eye?**
a. Refraction of light
b. Color vision
c. Protection and focusing light (Answer)
d. Regulation of eye shape
**45. Which vitamin is synthesized by the skin when exposed to sunlight?**
a. Vitamin A
b. Vitamin C
c. Vitamin D (Answer)
d. Vitamin K
**46. What is the function of the myelin sheath in the nervous system?**
a. Protection of neurons
b. Transmission of nerve impulses (Answer)
c. Production of neurotransmitters
d. Digestion of fats
**47. What is the function of the pituitary gland in the endocrine system?**
a. Regulation of metabolism
b. Control of blood sugar
c. Master gland, controlling other endocrine glands (Answer)
d. Production of insulin
**48. Which phase of the cell cycle involves the division of the cell's nucleus?**
a. G1 phase
b. S phase
c. M phase (Answer)
d. G2 phase
**49. What is the primary function of the mucus in the respiratory system?**
a. Oxygen transport
b. Filtration of air
c. Trap and remove debris (Answer)
d. Regulation of airflow
**50. What is the function of the spleen in the human body?**
a. Blood filtration and immune response (Answer)
b. Oxygen transport
c. Digestion of fats
d. Hormone production
Feel free to use these questions and answers for practice or educational purposes.
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